Programming with Embedded C

Small computer on a single integrated circuit.

Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the C Programming Language by the C Standards Committee to address commonality issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded systems. This unit will introduce you to the basics of Embedded C, its differences from standard C, and how it is used in microcontroller programming.

Introduction to Embedded C

Embedded C is a popular programming language in the software industry for developing electronic gadgets. Microcontrollers are designed to be controlled by a programming language like Embedded C. It is similar to C, but there are a few additional features that allow it to be executed on devices such as microcontrollers.

Differences between C and Embedded C

While C is a general-purpose programming language, Embedded C is specifically designed for the development of microcontrollers. The key differences include:

• Memory Usage: In C, memory is allocated in RAM, while in Embedded C, memory can be allocated in ROM, external RAM, or internal RAM.
• Hardware Interaction: Embedded C allows direct interaction with hardware, while C does not.
• Interrupts: Embedded C supports interrupts, while C does not.

Data Types and Operators in Embedded C

Embedded C uses the same data types and operators as C. However, due to the limited memory of microcontrollers, developers must be more careful about their data types and the memory they consume.

Control Statements and Loops in Embedded C

Control statements and loops in Embedded C work the same way as in C. However, infinite loops are more common in Embedded C due to the continuous operating nature of microcontrollers.

Functions in Embedded C

Functions in Embedded C are used to modularize code and make it more readable and maintainable. They work the same way as in C, but with the added feature of being able to handle interrupts.

Embedded C Programming Style and Structure

The structure of an Embedded C program is similar to a C program. However, due to the hardware-dependent nature of embedded systems, the structure can vary depending on the hardware being used. The programming style should be clear, concise, and efficient due to the limited resources of microcontrollers.

In conclusion, Embedded C is a powerful tool for microcontroller programming. It combines the syntax and structure of C with additional features that allow it to interact directly with hardware. This makes it an ideal choice for developers looking to dive into the world of microcontroller applications.