Main Grape Varieties in Burgundy: Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

Wine made in the Burgundy region in eastern France.

Burgundy, a region in east-central France, is renowned for its wines. The region's reputation is built on two main grape varieties: Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. These two grapes are the backbone of Burgundy's wine production, and understanding them is key to appreciating the region's wines.

Pinot Noir

Pinot Noir is the primary grape used in the production of red Burgundy wines. It is a thin-skinned grape that is notoriously difficult to grow, requiring a specific climate and careful cultivation. However, when grown under the right conditions, it can produce some of the most elegant and complex wines in the world.

The Pinot Noir grape is known for its delicate flavors, which can range from red fruits like strawberries and cherries to more complex notes of forest floor, leather, and game. The best Pinot Noir wines from Burgundy are known for their incredible depth of flavor and their ability to age for decades.

In Burgundy, the Pinot Noir grape is grown throughout the region, from the cooler, northern areas of the Côte de Nuits to the warmer, southern areas of the Côte de Beaune.

Chardonnay

Chardonnay is the primary grape used in the production of white Burgundy wines. It is a versatile grape that can adapt to a variety of climates and soils, which is why it is grown all over the world. However, many wine enthusiasts agree that it reaches its pinnacle of expression in Burgundy.

Chardonnay wines from Burgundy can range from crisp and mineral-driven in the Chablis region to rich and buttery in the Côte de Beaune. Regardless of their style, they are known for their balance, complexity, and longevity.

In Burgundy, the Chardonnay grape is grown in several sub-regions, including Chablis, the Côte de Beaune, and the Mâconnais. Each of these areas produces a distinct style of Chardonnay, showcasing the versatility of this grape.

In conclusion, understanding the characteristics of Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, and the role they play in the production of Burgundy wines, is fundamental to appreciating the depth and complexity of these wines. These two grape varieties are the heart and soul of Burgundy, and they are what make the region's wines so unique and sought after.