Understanding Burgundy's Terroir

Environmental factors that affect a crop's phenotype.

Terroir is a French term that refers to the natural environment in which a particular wine is produced. It includes factors such as soil, topography, and climate, and it plays a crucial role in shaping the character of a wine. In Burgundy, the concept of terroir is held in high regard and is considered to be the essence of the region's world-renowned wines.

The Influence of Terroir

The terroir of a vineyard can greatly influence the taste and quality of the wine produced. The soil type, for instance, can affect the wine's flavor and aroma. Limestone soils, which are prevalent in Burgundy, are known to produce wines with high acidity and mineral flavors. The slope and elevation of the vineyard can also affect the amount of sunlight and heat the grapes receive, which in turn influences the ripeness and sugar content of the grapes.

The Diversity of Burgundy's Terroir

Burgundy's terroir is incredibly diverse. The region is divided into several sub-regions, each with its own unique terroir. The Côte d'Or, for example, is known for its limestone-rich soils and hilly terrain, which are ideal for growing Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. The Côte Chalonnaise, on the other hand, has a slightly warmer climate and diverse soil types, making it suitable for a variety of grape varieties.

Within these sub-regions, there are further divisions known as 'climats'. Each 'climat' has its own unique combination of soil, slope, and exposure, resulting in wines with distinct characteristics. This is why wines from different 'climats' within the same sub-region can taste remarkably different.

Terroir and the Wine Label

In Burgundy, the terroir is so important that it is often reflected on the wine label. Burgundy wines are typically labeled with the name of the 'climat' where the grapes were grown, rather than the grape variety. This emphasizes the importance of place over grape variety in Burgundy and reflects the belief that the terroir is the key factor in the quality and character of the wine.

In conclusion, understanding Burgundy's terroir is essential for anyone seeking to appreciate the region's wines. It provides insight into the unique characteristics of each wine and highlights the intricate relationship between the vine and its environment.