101.school
CoursesAbout
Search...⌘K
Generate a course with AI...

    Intro to computers and programming

    Receive aemail containing the next unit.
    • Computer Basics
      • 1.1Overview of Computers
      • 1.2Understanding Operating Systems
      • 1.3Understanding Computer Networks
    • Introduction to Programming
      • 2.1What is Programming?
      • 2.2Basics of a Program
      • 2.3How a Program Runs on a Computer
    • Introduction to Coding
      • 3.1Writing your First Code
      • 3.2Language of Coding
      • 3.3Common Coding Practices
    • Scripting Basics
      • 4.1What is Scripting?
      • 4.2Difference Between Coding and Scripting
      • 4.3First Look at Shell Scripts
    • Basics of a Programming Language
      • 5.1Understanding Syntax
      • 5.2Basic Constructs – Loops & Conditionals
      • 5.3Functions and Procedures
    • Intermediate Programming
      • 6.1Arrays and Lists
      • 6.2File Handling
      • 6.3Error Handling
    • Introduction to Object Oriented Programming
      • 7.1Principles of Object Oriented Programming
      • 7.2Classes and Objects
      • 7.3Inheritance and Encapsulation
    • Practical Uses of Scripting
      • 8.1Process Automation with Scripts
      • 8.2Using Scripts for Data Manipulation
      • 8.3Web Scraping with Scripts
    • Algorithms and Data Structures
      • 9.1Basics of Algorithms
      • 9.2Introduction to Data Structures
      • 9.3Practical Uses of Data Structures
    • Code Efficiency
      • 10.1Writing Efficient Code
      • 10.2Debugging and Testing
      • 10.3Code Performance Analysis
    • Managing Code Project
      • 11.1Understanding Version Control
      • 11.2Use of GitHub for Project Management
      • 11.3Collaborative Coding Practices
    • Real World Coding Examples
      • 12.1Review and Analysis of Real World Code
      • 12.2Case Study—Use of Code in Solving Real World Problems
      • 12.3Building and Presenting a Mini Coding Project
    • Future Learning and Wrap Up
      • 13.1Essentials for Advanced Learning
      • 13.2Overview of Other Programming Languages
      • 13.3Course Wrap Up and Next Steps

    Computer Basics

    Overview of Computers

    general-purpose device for performing arithmetic or logical operations

    General-purpose device for performing arithmetic or logical operations.

    A computer is a machine that can be programmed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Modern computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs. These programs enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks.

    Brief History of Computers

    The concept of a computer has evolved significantly over the centuries. The term "computer" was initially used to describe human beings who performed numerical calculations. With the advent of digital technology, the term now refers to modern electronic computers.

    The first mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine, was conceived by Charles Babbage in the 19th century. However, the first general-purpose digital computer, the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), was developed during World War II.

    Since then, computers have evolved from large, room-sized machines to compact devices that can fit in the palm of a hand. This evolution has been driven by advancements in technology and an increase in computing power, known as Moore's Law.

    Basic Components of a Computer

    A computer is made up of several key components:

    • Central Processing Unit (CPU): This is the brain of the computer. It performs most of the processing inside the computer. The CPU interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.

    • Memory: This is the component of the computer that stores data. There are two types of memory: RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory). RAM is temporary memory, while ROM is permanent memory.

    • Storage: This is where data is stored on a long-term basis. The most common types of storage are hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state drives (SSDs).

    • Input/Output Devices: These are the components that allow the computer to interact with the user. Input devices include keyboards, mice, and scanners. Output devices include monitors, printers, and speakers.

    Types of Computers

    There are several types of computers, each with its own specific uses and characteristics:

    • Desktop: This is a personal computer designed for regular use at a single location. Desktops are known for their durability and power.

    • Laptop: This is a portable computer that combines the components of a desktop, including the display, keyboard, and mouse, into a single device.

    • Server: This is a computer that provides data or services to other computers over a network.

    • Mainframe: This is a large, powerful computer that can process and store massive amounts of data.

    • Supercomputer: This is the most powerful type of computer. Supercomputers are used for complex tasks such as weather forecasting and scientific research.

    In conclusion, understanding the basics of computers is the first step towards mastering the digital world. As we move forward in this course, we will delve deeper into the fascinating world of computers and programming.

    Test me
    Practical exercise
    Further reading

    Hi, any questions for me?

    Sign in to chat
    Next up: Understanding Operating Systems