Intro to computers and programming
- Computer Basics
- Introduction to Programming
- Introduction to Coding
- Scripting Basics
- Basics of a Programming Language
- Intermediate Programming
- Introduction to Object Oriented Programming
- Practical Uses of Scripting
- Algorithms and Data Structures
- Managing Code Project
- Real World Coding Examples
Computer Basics
Understanding Operating Systems
Software that manages computer hardware resources.
An operating system (OS) is a software that acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware. It provides a user-friendly environment in which a user can easily interact with the computer. It manages the hardware resources of a computer and provides various services for the execution of software.
Role of an Operating System
The primary role of an operating system is to make the computer system convenient to use and to utilize computer hardware in an efficient manner. It is responsible for managing and coordinating the use of hardware among the various application programs for various users.
Types of Operating Systems
There are several types of operating systems, each with its own advantages and specific uses. Here are a few of the most common ones:
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Windows: Developed by Microsoft Corporation, it is the most widely used operating system worldwide. It is known for its graphical user interface and the wide range of software applications available.
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MacOS: Developed by Apple Inc., it is the operating system used in Apple's Macintosh line of computers. It is known for its sleek design and seamless integration with other Apple products and services.
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Linux: An open-source operating system, it is known for its robustness and flexibility. It is widely used in servers and supercomputers.
Basic Functions of an Operating System
An operating system performs a variety of functions, including:
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Process Management: The OS manages all the processes in the system, including the execution of system and user applications.
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Memory Management: It is responsible for managing the computer's memory, including the allocation (and reallocation) of memory space to programs as they run.
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File System Management: The OS manages files on the disk storage. It keeps track of information, location, uses, status etc. The collective facilities are often known as file system.
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Device Management: The OS manages device communication via their respective drivers. It serves as the programmer’s view of the device.
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Security: The OS ensures that unauthorized users do not access the system.
User Interface
Operating systems provide a user interface, which can be command-line based or graphical. A command-line interface (CLI) requires users to type commands in a terminal or console window to interact with the system. A graphical user interface (GUI) allows users to interact with the system using graphical elements like windows, icons, and menus.
In conclusion, an operating system is a vital component of a computer system. It manages the hardware and software resources of the system, provides services for the execution of applications, and offers a user-friendly environment for the interaction between users and the computer.