101.school
CoursesAbout
Search...⌘K
Generate a course with AI...

    Chemistry 101 for Teens

    Receive aemail containing the next unit.
    • Introduction to Chemistry
      • 1.1Overview of Chemistry
      • 1.2Importance of Chemistry
      • 1.3Branches of Chemistry
    • The Periodic Table
      • 2.1History of the Periodic Table
      • 2.2Major Groups of the Periodic Table
      • 2.3Periods and Groups
    • Atomic Structure
      • 3.1Atomic Theory
      • 3.2Atomic Components
      • 3.3Atomic Models
    • Chemical Bonding
      • 4.1Ionic Bonds
      • 4.2Covalent Bonds
      • 4.3Metallic Bonds
    • Chemical Reactions
      • 5.1Reaction Types
      • 5.2Balancing Equations
      • 5.3Stoichiometry
    • Solutions and Solubility
      • 6.1Types of Solutions
      • 6.2Solubility Rules
      • 6.3Concentration Calculations
    • Acids, Bases, and pH
      • 7.1Defining Acids and Bases
      • 7.2Acid-Base Reactions
      • 7.3pH and pOH
    • Energy in Chemistry
      • 8.1Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions
      • 8.2Thermodynamics
      • 8.3Energy and Chemical Change
    • The Gas Laws
      • 9.1Boyle's Law and Charles' Law
      • 9.2The Ideal Gas Law
      • 9.3Real Gases
    • Organic Chemistry Basics
      • 10.1Introduction to Organic Chemistry
      • 10.2Carbon and Hydrocarbons
      • 10.3Functional Groups
    • Nuclear Chemistry
      • 11.1Radioactivity
      • 11.2Nuclear Equations
      • 11.3Applications of Nuclear Chemistry
    • Biochemistry Basics
      • 12.1Introduction to Biochemistry
      • 12.2Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids
      • 12.3Nucleic Acids
    • Chemistry in Our Daily Life
      • 13.1Household Chemistry
      • 13.2Chemistry in Industry
      • 13.3Environmental Chemistry

    Energy in Chemistry

    Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions

    thermodynamic reaction

    Thermodynamic reaction.

    In the world of chemistry, energy plays a crucial role in determining how reactions occur. One of the key ways in which energy interacts with chemical reactions is through endothermic and exothermic processes.

    Definition of Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions

    Endothermic and exothermic reactions refer to the absorption and release of heat in a chemical reaction, respectively.

    • Endothermic reactions absorb heat from their surroundings. This means they take in more energy than they release, causing the surroundings to cool down. The term 'endothermic' comes from the Greek words 'endo,' meaning inside, and 'therm,' meaning heat.

    • Exothermic reactions, on the other hand, release heat into their surroundings. They give off more energy than they absorb, causing the surroundings to heat up. The term 'exothermic' comes from the Greek words 'exo,' meaning outside, and 'therm,' meaning heat.

    Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions

    In a chemical reaction, energy is needed to break the bonds in the reactants, and energy is released when new bonds form in the products. The difference between the energy needed to break the bonds and the energy released when new bonds form determines whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic.

    • If the energy required to break the bonds is greater than the energy released when new bonds form, the reaction is endothermic.
    • If the energy released when new bonds form is greater than the energy required to break the bonds, the reaction is exothermic.

    Examples of Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions

    Examples of endothermic reactions include photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, and the process of melting ice into water.

    Examples of exothermic reactions include combustion reactions, such as a burning candle or a car engine, and chemical reactions in a battery.

    Practical Applications of Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions

    Endothermic and exothermic reactions have many practical applications in our daily lives.

    • Endothermic reactions are used in cold packs for injuries. When the chemicals in the cold pack mix, they absorb heat from the surroundings, causing the pack to feel cold.
    • Exothermic reactions are used in heat packs, which release heat when the chemicals inside react. They are also used in self-heating cans, which contain a small amount of water and a metal compound that reacts exothermically with the water to heat the contents of the can.

    Understanding endothermic and exothermic reactions is fundamental to understanding how energy is transferred and transformed in the world around us. From the food we eat to the cars we drive, these reactions play a crucial role in our lives.

    Test me
    Practical exercise
    Further reading

    Good morning my good sir, any questions for me?

    Sign in to chat
    Next up: Thermodynamics